Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger technology that provides secure and transparent recording of transactions. It achieves this through its core functionalities of decentralization, transparency, security, immutability, and support for smart contracts. These functionalities make it well-suited for a variety of applications in finance, supply chain management, and identity verification, among others. By providing a platform for secure and transparent transactions, blockchain has the potential to transform industries and create new opportunities for innovation.